Africa is an incredible travel destination known for its amazing wildlife, world-class beaches, beautiful landscapes, and vibrant cultures. It’s the second largest continent after Asia, with over 54 countries and a population of more than 1.3 billion people.

There’s a lot of exciting things to do in Africa, whether you’re looking for a luxurious safari, backpacking experience, or a volunteer opportunity.

You need to be well-informed before going to Africa. Planning your trip will help you avoid some of the pitfalls that foreigners run into while visiting Africa for the first, second, or third time.

This guide will take you through the different phases of organizing and executing your trip, while also providing essential safety tips.

1. Choosing the Best Countries to Visit in Africa

If you’re yet to decide which African country to go to, then this first stage is for you. There are several factors to look into before narrowing down your options.

i. Consider the goal of your trip

Being specific about your goals will help you choose the countries with the experiences you’re looking for in Africa. Ask yourself these questions…

• Are you interested in the wildlife, coastline beaches, culture, food, etc?
• Do you want to go for business, work, education, volunteer, etc?
• Do you want to interact with communities or you’re more inclined towards an urban experience?

Your overall objective may look something like this: I want to travel to Africa in December and experience wildlife, taste local cuisines and art, and hike remote mountain trails.

If you’re looking for a desert type of experience, a country like Namibia is one the safest destinations. Mauritius, Seychelles, Kenya, and Tanzania, are some ideal places for beach escapades.

Related: 20 Exciting Things to Do in Africa

ii. Consider your budget

Estimate how much money you can afford to spend on your African trip. Some countries are cheaper so your dollar, Euro, or Pound, may go a long way. South Africa, Senegal, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Seychelles, and Ghana, are among countries with high costs of living in Africa.

Related: How to Travel to Africa Cheap: Cutting Costs and Going on a Budget

However, you can have a safari trip in Africa for as low as $300 (a very short one). If you’re on a low budget consider picking a country where you can get more with less. Or, you can shop around and see what hundreds of travel tour agencies in Africa have to offer.

iii. Consider Visa requirements

From the list of countries you’re speculating about, which ones require a Visa? Is it easy to acquire a Visa from your country?

Basically, most African countries have less strict Visa requirements for tourists, so even your passport can suffice. But each country has its unique requirements for different nationalities, so check with your embassy.

Opt for Visa-free countries if you don’t have all the time to get the required travel Visa.

iv. Consider the timing

Around what time of the year do you want to travel for the vacation? Africa is a vast continent with different climates and seasons. Some countries are best visited during certain times of the year, depending on the weather, wildlife migrations, festivals, and other events.

Generally, you should aim for a time when it’s not rainy and wet in your destination. Choose a country that’s weather-friendly at the time of your planned vacation.

v. Consider safety

Africa is generally a safe and welcoming destination for travelers, but some countries may have higher risks of crime, civil unrest, political instability, or terrorism.

Due to the ever-changing nature of events, you should check the most up-to-date safety travel advisories before making your final decision. Consider also the health advisories

The comprehensive list of the safest countries to visit in Africa is long, but Rwanda, Mauritius, Ghana, and Kenya are among the exciting picks.

See the full curated list of the best African countries with unique activities and make your pick.

2. Planning for the Safari Trip to Africa

At this phase of planning, you may have already settled on a country or two. The task now is to make proper preparations before embarking on your African journey. Here’s an outlook on how to go about it.

i. Do some research on the African country you want to visit

• Visa and entry requirements: Check the visa requirements for your nationality in the country you intend to visit
• Safety and health: Research the current safety situation in the country, including any travel advisories issued by your government. Find out if there are any specific entry or health requirements, such as vaccinations or medical certificates.
• Research the best time to visit, taking into account things like weather conditions, wildlife migrations, etc.
• Culture: Learn about the local culture, customs, and etiquette, including dress codes and respectful behavior.
• Laws and regulations: Familiarize yourself with local laws, such as drug regulations, alcohol consumption rules, and driving regulations.
• Currency and banking: Find out about the currency used in the country and exchange money at local banks or reputable exchange offices.
• Check the type of electrical outlets and voltage used in the country and bring the appropriate adapters and converters for your devices.
• Understand the local transportation options, including public transport, taxis, and car rentals.
• Read reviews and check online resources for recommendations and safety.

ii. Choose your travel agency and book accommodations

If you want to use African travel booking agencies, take this time to search for reputable companies.

Partnering with a reliable travel agency can greatly streamline the preparation process. You don’t have to worry about things like finding accommodation or transportation. Your travel agency will offer options based on your preferences and budget.

Things to consider when choosing your African travel agency are;

• Reputation: Look for agencies with a track record of providing excellent service and positive feedback. Research the agency’s reputation by reading online reviews and testimonials from previous travelers.
• Expertise: Choose an agency that specializes in African destinations or has extensive experience in planning trips to Africa. They should know about your travel destination’s region’s culture, wildlife, and attractions.
• Licensing and accreditation: Verify that the agency is licensed and accredited by relevant tourism authorities and associations.
• Itinerary and customization: Evaluate the agency’s pre-designed itineraries and assess whether they offer the experiences and destinations you’re interested in. Check if they can customize trips to match your preferences and interests.
• Cost and transparency: Request a detailed breakdown of the trip cost to understand what is included (accommodations, meals, activities, transportation) and what is not. Compare prices with other reputable agencies to ensure you’re getting value for your money.
• Safety: Inquire about the agency’s safety protocols, especially in remote or adventurous destinations.
• Local partnerships: A good agency should have strong relationships with local guides, hotels, and service providers in Africa. These connections can enhance your trip and provide valuable insights.
• Prompt response: They should be responsive and communicate clearly when addressing your concerns.
• Insurance and cancellation policies: Review the agency’s insurance options and cancellation policies in case unexpected events disrupt your travel plans.
• Sustainability: Choose an agency that promotes responsible tourism practices, such as supporting local communities and minimizing environmental impact.
• Legal contracts: Before booking, carefully read and understand the terms and conditions outlined in the agency’s contract. Ensure all agreements, including payment schedules, are clear and documented.

iii. Set the dates

Based on your research, you may have already noted the best time to visit your chosen African destination. Choose a travel date based on that and ensure it doesn’t clash with work, family, or personal schedules. But also, be prepared to adjust the dates in case of an emergency. 

iv. Have your finances ready

Set aside the money for the trip. Also, have money for things like guide and staff tips, souvenirs, and, most importantly, have an EMERGENCY FUND.

v. Pack all the essentials

Knowing what to bring during your trip to Africa ensures you have everything you need. What to pack will greatly differ depending on whether you’re a man, woman, child, pregnant, sick, etc.

Among the most basic things are passport passports/visas for all the countries you wish to visit, bank cards, medications, and vaccination certificates (especially yellow fever).

We have a comprehensive packing checklist for a trip to Africa to remind you of some things you might need for your trip.

vi. Get the necessary vaccinations required at your travel destination

For your safety, it’s crucial to get the recommended vaccination shots before traveling to Africa.

The most common vaccination requirements for African countries are Hepatitis A & B, diphtheria, typhoid, and malaria, among others. But also consult with your doctor to get the most up-to-date vaccinations.

v. Obtain travel insurance and register your trip with your embassy

All visitors traveling to Africa are strongly advised to have adequate travel insurance cover. Medical insurance is almost mandatory, but the categories of insurance are;

• Medical insurance; This covers any bills and expenses in the unfortunate event that you fall sick during your trip, including ambulance fees and emergency air evacuation if you have to be airlifted to another facility.
• Trip cancelation/interruption insurance; This cover helps to minimize losses if you have to cancel your trip due to personal emergencies. You can be reimbursed for prepaid expenses such as flights, hotels, tours, etc.
• Adventure activities insurance: This covers activities considered too risky or adventurous by your insurer, like mountain hiking, sky diving, wild camping, etc.
• Personal liability insurance: This covers any damages or injuries you may cause to other people or their property, like accidentally hitting someone with your car.

Premiums for your travel insurance cover will greatly vary, depending on your destination, the duration of your stay, your health condition, and many more. Also, register your trip with your embassy or their consulate.

vi. Book your flights, accommodation, and tours in advance

If you aren’t using a travel agency (either partly or fully) then consider making your bookings early enough. Ideally, flights should be booked 3-5 months before the set travel dates.

Also, hotels and safari camps often get booked in advance, particularly during the high seasons. So, your options can be greatly limited if you do things at the last minute. You may have to go with what is available.

3. Traveling to Africa (What to Do on Arrival)

Your much-awaited African safari is finally here. Amid your growing excitement, it’s time to experience the practical aspects of your trip.

You’ve researched your destination, planned and prepared, booked flights and accommodations, and now you’re on your way to Africa. What next?

Let’s look at some of the things to expect and do on arrival:

• Undergo immigration and customs clearance: Upon arrival, travelers will typically undergo passport validity checks and may be asked to provide a visa or proof of an e-visa, if required. Vaccination and birth certificates (for young children) may be required. You might also need to declare specific items at customs, depending on the country’s regulations.
• Exchange some money (have some reserve/pocket cash): While many places accept credit cards, it’s essential to have some local currency on hand for small purchases, tips, or places that don’t accept cards. Ensure your bank knows you’re traveling to avoid unexpected card blockages.
• Check in to your accommodation:  Secure your belongings in the hotel or accommodation facility. Familiarize yourself with the amenities and, possibly, the host staff. Ask for any local recommendations.
• Purchase a local SIM card or activate roaming: Staying connected is crucial. Buying a local SIM card can often be cheaper than international roaming. Ensure your phone is unlocked and compatible with local networks.
• Acquaint yourself with local transport options: Know the reputable taxi/bus/train services, or consider renting a vehicle if you plan to travel extensively within the country.
• Get a map or download offline maps: While online maps like Google Maps are widely used, having a physical map or an offline version can be invaluable in areas with limited or no internet connectivity.
• Identify nearby essentials: Find the nearest shopping malls, grocery stores, pharmacies, medical clinics, and other essential services to your accommodation. This will save you time and stress in case of an emergency.
• Stay hydrated and acclimate: Particularly if you’re in a hot or high-altitude location, drink plenty of water and give your body time to adjust to the new environment.
• Find a friend: It doesn’t hurt to have a trustworthy local friend who can show you around and caution you on the places or things to avoid.

i. Important Things to Know About People and Communities in Africa

The key to a successful and enriching travel experience in Africa, as in any other destination, is to approach with an open heart, a curious mind, and a deep respect for the people and cultures you encounter. It’s okay to be surprised, but don’t judge too fast.

Here are a few fascinating things you will learn about people and African communities during your safari:

• Expect a rich cultural diversity: Africa is not a monolithic entity. It comprises over 54 countries, each with its unique history, culture, and traditions. Within these countries are hundreds of different ethnic groups, each with its customs and ways of life.
• It’s the home of traditions and languages: While many Africans speak English, French, Portuguese, or Spanish due to colonial histories, there are over 2,000 distinct languages spoken across the continent. Swahili, Hausa, Yoruba, and Zulu are just a few examples.
• It’s a good idea to learn a few basic phrases in the local language of the place you’re visiting. This will not only be appreciated by the locals but will also enrich your travel experience.
• Community is the way of life. To many Africans, the community offers them a sense of value and definition. In rural African areas, most communities have defined land boundaries, leaders, and regulations on how to coexist within that community.
• African people are welcoming and friendly: Many visitors who have gone to Africa will attest to the fact that they found it easy to make new friends during their visit. This is because Africans are incredibly welcoming to visitors, regardless of where you’re coming from.
• Religion and spirituality are deep: Africa is home to a myriad of religious beliefs, including Christianity, Islam, indigenous African religions, and others. Religious practices and beliefs can influence daily life, festivals, and rituals. It’s important to respect local religious customs, especially when visiting sacred sites.
• Be sensitive to the colonial history: Many African countries have a colonial past that has shaped their modern-day realities. Understanding this history, and being considerate of its ongoing impacts, is essential for any traveler wanting to engage meaningfully with local communities.
• Respect traditional lands and heritage: Many communities in Africa have a deep spiritual connection to the land and their ancestors. This can be seen in sacred sites, traditional rituals, and community events. As a visitor, it’s vital to approach these places and practices with respect, seeking permission when necessary and always adhering to local guidelines.

ii. Some safety rules to follow while in Africa

• Choose a reliable and trusted tour company: Whereas planning a trip to Africa may save on costs, we highly advise that you use the service of a reliable tour particularly if you are a first-time visitor.
• Watch out for shady deals: Scams are everywhere, particularly for first-time visitors in Africa. Some of the most common ones include pickpockets, fake air tickets, and hijackings.
• Don’t accept assistance from strangers while accessing ATMs: Con artists sometimes present themselves as good Samaritans and are willing to help you withdraw your money. Reject their request politely and always seek help from trusted bank officials.
• Avoid walking in unfamiliar places (especially at night): If possible, keep away from dark corridors while exploring the city streets or staying in wildlife-prone areas.
• Safeguard your crucial travel documents: Keep your crucial items safely locked in your hotel or somewhere safe but easily accessible.
• Seek medical attention when feeling seek or are injured: Get prompt assistance if you see/feel anything unusual or get an injury.

See the full safety guide for travelers going to Africa.

iii. Tricks and tips to spice up your African safari experience

• Start early because animals are most active during the cooler hours of the early morning, and maybe, late afternoon.
• Pack binoculars to ensure you don’t miss out on spotting distant animals.
• Stay quiet and patient because it takes time for some elusive animals to spring into action.
• While you might have a wish list of animals to see, remember that nature is unpredictable. Celebrate every sighting, whether it’s a lion or a lizard.
• Take lots of pictures, but also remember to experience the moment without always being behind a lens. Respect wildlife by not using flash which can disturb animals.
• Be curious and ask your guide questions about local wildlife, traditions, and stories.
• Respect the guidelines set by the park or conservancy for your safety and the welfare of the animals.
• The African sun can be harsh so drink plenty of water, use sunscreen, and wear a wide-brimmed hat.
• If possible, visit local communities and engage in cultural activities. This can provide a richer understanding of the area and its people.
• Keep a journal of your sightings and experiences daily to help you reflect and share stories later.
• Buy some gifts to take home and souvenirs for memory’s sake.

4. Returning home after a Safari trip to Africa

You’ve had an eventful trip and now it’s time to go back home. There isn’t much to do except the very basic things like:

1. Check out of your accommodation and arrange your transport to the airport.
2. Arrive at the airport at least 1 or 2 hours before your scheduled departure time. This will give you ample time to check in and collect your boarding pass.
3. Go through security and boarding procedures and pay any departure fees or taxes if applicable.

Final Thoughts

Africa has a lot to offer to foreigners and holiday seekers. Having a clear plan and setting your objectives before going to Africa will ensure things run smoothly. Always ensure you understand your destination well and observe all the safety rules to avoid problems. If you aren’t sure how to go about it, planning with a professional tour agency in Africa can help streamline the entire process.